✨ Animalia – 🐾 “The Mysterious World of Animals”
👉
Introduction:
Ever wondered how life spreads from ocean depths to the sky? 🌊🐍🐦
All this is possible because of the
Animalia kingdom — encompassing every form of life,
from
simple sponge-like organisms to
complex humans! 🧠💪
🌊 1️⃣ Porifera – Sponge-like animals
- 🔹 Lifestyle:
- Aquatic
- Non-motile
- Body full of tiny pores
- 🔹 Tools & Technology:
- Cellular level organization
- Diploblastic
- Endoskeleton present
- 🔹 Key Features / Changes:
- Porous body
- Very simple body structure
- 🔹 Interesting Facts:
- Called “sponges” 🧽
- Attach to sea walls
- 📍 Examples:
- Scypha, Euplectella, Spongilla
→ Simplest multicellular animals in evolution.
🪸 2️⃣ Cnidaria / Coelenterata – Jelly-like aquatic animals
- 🔹 Lifestyle:
- Found only in water
- Single opening for food intake and waste
- 🔹 Tools & Technology:
- Tissue level organization
- Radial symmetry
- External skeleton made of calcium carbonate
- 🔹 Key Features / Changes:
- Diploblastic
- No anus
- 🔹 Interesting Facts:
- Coral reefs formed by these animals 🪸
- Hydra can regenerate
- 📍 Examples:
- Jellyfish, Coral, Hydra
→ Key role in marine ecosystem formation.
🪱 3️⃣ Platyhelminthes – Flatworms
- 🔹 Lifestyle:
- Parasitic or free-living
- Found in water or inside other animals
- 🔹 Tools & Technology:
- Organ level organization
- Triploblastic
- Ribbon-like flat body
- 🔹 Key Features / Changes:
- Hermaphrodite (male & female organs in one)
- No anus
- 🔹 Interesting Facts:
- Planaria can regenerate 🔁
- 📍 Examples:
- Planaria, Liver Fluke, Tapeworm
→ Early development of complex organ systems.
🧬 4️⃣ Nematoda / Aschelminthes – Roundworms
- 🔹 Lifestyle:
- Parasitic or free-living
- Found in water and soil
- 🔹 Tools & Technology:
- Organ system organization
- Triploblastic & Pseudocoelomate
- Cylindrical body
- 🔹 Key Features / Changes:
- Unisexual (male & female separate)
- Anus present
- 🔹 Interesting Facts:
- Filarial worm causes Elephantiasis 🐘
- 📍 Examples:
- Roundworm, Pinworm, Filarial worm
→ Useful for disease study and understanding biodiversity.
🪶 5️⃣ Annelida – Segmented worms
- 🔹 Lifestyle:
- Found in soil and water
- Enhance soil fertility
- 🔹 Tools & Technology:
- Organ system organization
- Body segmented
- Parapodia help in movement
- 🔹 Key Features / Changes:
- Closed circulatory system
- 🔹 Interesting Facts:
- Earthworm called “farmer’s friend” 🌾
- 📍 Examples:
- Earthworm, Leech, Nereis
→ Helps soil fertility and ecological balance.
🕷️ 6️⃣ Arthropoda – Joint-legged animals
- 🔹 Lifestyle:
- Largest phylum
- Found in air, water, and land
- 🔹 Tools & Technology:
- Jointed legs, segmented body
- Exoskeleton made of chitin
- 🔹 Key Features / Changes:
- Open circulatory system
- Body divided into head, thorax, abdomen
- 🔹 Interesting Facts:
- Crab and Spider are members 🦀🕸️
- 📍 Examples:
- Spider, Crab, Crayfish, Silverfish
→ Largest representative group of biodiversity.
🐚 7️⃣ Mollusca – Soft-bodied animals
- 🔹 Lifestyle:
- Mostly aquatic
- Soft body with external hard shell
- 🔹 Tools & Technology:
- Open circulatory system
- Bilateral symmetry
- 🔹 Key Features / Changes:
- Body in three parts: head, foot, visceral mass
- Muscular foot for movement
- 🔹 Interesting Facts:
- Octopus among the smartest invertebrates 🧠🐙
- 📍 Examples:
- Octopus, Snail, Unio, Pila
→ Contribute to aquatic ecology and pearl formation.
🌟 8️⃣ Echinodermata – Spiny-skinned animals
- 🔹 Lifestyle:
- Marine, slow-moving
- Star or globe-shaped
- 🔹 Tools & Technology:
- Radial symmetry
- Water vascular system for movement
- 🔹 Key Features / Changes:
- Spiny skin
- No body segmentation
- 🔹 Interesting Facts:
- Starfish can regenerate limbs ✋⭐
- 📍 Examples:
- Starfish, Brittle Star, Sea Urchin
→ Clean-up crew of marine ecosystem.
🦴 9️⃣ Chordata – Animals with backbone
- 🔹 Lifestyle:
- Found in all habitats
- Complex and developed body
- 🔹 Tools & Technology:
- Notochord / Vertebral column
- Closed circulatory system
- Gill slits
- 🔹 Key Features / Changes:
- Two types:
- Protochordata: Herdmania, Amphioxus
- Vertebrata: Advanced vertebrates
- 🔹 Interesting Facts:
- Human is the most developed member 🧍♂️
- 📍 Subgroups:
- Agnatha / Cyclostomata: Jawless fishes (Lamprey, Myxine)
- Pisces: 2-chambered heart (Shark, Tuna)
- Amphibia: 3-chambered heart (Frog, Toad)
- Reptilia: 3-chambered heart (Crocodile → 4-chambered) 🐊
- Aves: 4-chambered heart, lays eggs 🐦
- Mammals: 4-chambered heart, mammary glands, live birth 🐕🦺
→ Represents all higher animals including humans.
🏁 Conclusion
- 🌍 Animalia kingdom showcases amazing diversity —
from sponge to human!
- Evolution Line → Porifera → Cnidaria → Platyhelminthes → Annelida → Arthropoda → Mollusca → Echinodermata → Chordata
- This evolutionary journey laid the foundation for complex life on Earth.
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